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Ryan Clark Crocker (born June 19, 1949) is a Career Ambassador within the United States Foreign Service and a recipient of the Presidential Medal of Freedom. He has served as United States Ambassador to Afghanistan (2011 to 2012) and as United States Ambassador to Iraq (2007 to 2009). Prior to those appointments, he was the American Ambassador to Pakistan (2004 to 2007); Syria (1998 to 2001); Kuwait (1994 to 1997); and to Lebanon (1990 to 1993). In January 2010 he became Dean of Texas A&M University's George Bush School of Government and Public Service.〔The Bush School of Government and Public Service (2009). (Ambassador Crocker Named Dean of TAMU's Bush School ). Retrieved December 7, 2009.〕 Former Secretary of State Colin Powell called Crocker "one of our very best foreign service officers"; President George W. Bush called him America's Lawrence of Arabia and noted that General David Petraeus had said that "it was a great honor for me to be his military wingman."〔 ==Early life and career== Crocker was born in Spokane, Washington.〔(''Whitman College Magazine'' interview with Ryan Crocker (pdf) )〕 Growing up, Crocker had family members in the U.S. Air Force and in Turkey. He lived in Morocco, Canada and Turkey.〔 Crocker attended University College Dublin and Whitman College in Walla Walla, Washington, where he received a B.A. in English literature in 1971 and was a member of the Tau Kappa Epsilon fraternity. After Persian language training, he was assigned to the American Consulate in Khorramshahr, Iran, in 1972. His subsequent assignment was to the newly established embassy in Doha, Qatar, in 1974 as an economic-commercial officer, and in 1976 Crocker returned to Washington, DC, for long-term Arabic training. He completed the 20-month program at the Foreign Service Institutes Arabic School in Tunis in June 1978. Crocker was then assigned as chief of the economic-commercial section at the U.S. Interests Section in Baghdad, Iraq. Crocker served in Beirut, Lebanon, as chief of the political section from 1981 to 1984. On September 18, 1982, he reported back to the Department of State about the Sabra and Shatila massacre.〔George P. Shultz, ''Turmoil and Triumph: My Years as Secretary of State'' (New York: Charles Scribner's Sons, 1993), page 104.〕 He also survived the 1983 United States Embassy bombing.〔 He spent the 1984–85 academic year at Princeton University under State Department auspices, pursuing course work in Near Eastern studies. He served as deputy director of the Office of Israel and Arab–Israeli affairs from 1985 to 1987 and was political counselor at the American Embassy in Cairo from 1987 to 1990. Following the Iraqi invasion of Kuwait in August 1990, Crocker became the Director of the Iraq-Kuwait Task Force. In 1998, as the Ambassador to Syria, his residence was plundered by an angry mob.〔 In the days after the 9/11 attacks, Crocker and other senior U.S. State Department officials flew to Geneva to meet secretly with representatives of the government of Iran. For several months, Crocker and his Iranian counterparts cooperated on capturing Al Qaeda operatives in the region and fighting the Taliban government in Afghanistan. These meetings stopped after the "Axis of Evil" speech hardened Iranian attitudes toward cooperating with the U.S. In January 2002, he was appointed interim chargé d'affaires to the new government of Afghanistan, and was confirmed as Ambassador to Pakistan in October 2004. In September 2004, President Bush conferred on him the diplomatic rank of Career Ambassador, the highest rank in the Foreign Service, equivalent to a four-star officer in the military.〔(About Ambassador Crocker, U.S. Department of State website )〕 On January 8, 2007, Secretary of State Condoleezza Rice announced that the Bush administration would nominate Crocker as the new American Ambassador to Iraq, replacing Zalmay Khalilzad, once the latter's confirmation to the post of Ambassador to the UN was complete. On December 4, 2009, The Bush School of Government and Public Service at Texas A&M University, in College Station, Texas, announced the appointment of Ambassador Crocker as its next Dean, effective January 25, 2010. He was nominated by President Barack Obama in April 2011 to serve as the U.S. Ambassador to Afghanistan.〔The Atlantic (2011). (Panetta Will Run Pentagon; Petraeus to Lead CIA ). Retrieved April 27, 2011.〕 The appointment was confirmed by the United States Senate by unanimous consent on June 30, 2011.〔http://www.senate.gov/galleries/pdcl/index.htm〕 In July 2012 he stepped down, as announced in May due to unspecified health reasons.〔〔("Retiring Envoy to Afghanistan Exhorts U.S to Heed Its Past" )〕 On August 14, 2012, he was arrested for driving while intoxicated and leaving the scene of an automobile accident. On May 10, 2013, he was nominated to serve as a member of the Broadcasting Board of Governors.〔The White House, Office of the Press Secretary〕 In December 2013, he voiced his opinion that America should quietly work with the Syrian government, despite its involvement in the Syrian Civil War, as a lesser of the evils.〔http://www.economist.com/news/middle-east-and-africa/21594993-president-bashar-assads-hopes-are-rising-he-may-be-able-use-conference Syria’s civil war: Can he manipulate the West?〕〔(Assad Is the Least Worst Option ) The New York Times, The Opinion Pages, Room for Debate, December 21, 2013.〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Ryan Crocker」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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